Gordon (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) lost his eyes as a result of undergoing Terrigenesis to activate his powers.
Despite being blind, Saigiku Jono (Bungo Stray Dogs) can accurately grasp and discern his surroundings using his
superhuman sense of hearing.
While he lost his fingers during a duel against Ri Shin, Rin Ko (Kingdom) compensated the loss with his impressive skills as a
horseman.
Vanessa Brewer (Angel) blinded herself as part of her training with the Order of the Nanjin, which granted her the power to sense energy sources and motion in a manner far more accurate than ordinary sight.
Despite being blind, Toph Beifong (Avatar: The Last Airbender) is capable of "seeing" by sensing vibrations.
After losing his left forearm during the Eclipse, Guts (Berserk) replaced it with a metallic device known as the Cannon Arm.
Wonderweiss Margela (Bleach) has sacrificed all his intelligence and mental capacity in exchange for being able to seal the immense fire-based powers of Ryūjin Jakka.
Due to his injured leg, Shuu Sakurada (Castle Town Dandelion) compensates via his ability to teleport, allowing him to continue living a normal life.
After losing his sense of touch, Peyton Westlake's (Darkman) body overproduces adrenaline, granting him superhuman strength and immunity to pain.
Having been deliberately raised to interpret body language as a first language, Cassandra Cain (DC Comics) is illiterate and barely able to speak, but as a trade-off, she can intuitively read body language and predict her opponents' attacks.
Majora (Dragon Ball Super) compensates for his blindness through a highly sensitive sense of smell.
Due to his lack of a "Delta brainwave," Philip J. Fry (Futurama) is mentally handicapped, but also immune to psychic powers like Telepathy and Intelligence Reduction.
Due to his blindness and the fact that magic has to be seen and heard for spells to affect people, Jeffrey Robbins (Gargoyles) is immune to magic.
After having his left hand petrified in the shape of a clenched fist, Owen Burnett (Gargoyles) uses it to his advantage to deliver powerful punches.
Suzu Mukai (Horizon In The Middle of Nowhere) is able to use all her other senses in a 360-degree area around her to compensate for her lack of sight.
After being rendered blind by the growth of fungal plates over their eyes, Clickers (The Last of Us) developed echolocation capabilities to compensate.
As he evolved over the centuries, Turel (Legacy of Kain) developed enhanced hearing at the cost of his sight.
After being blinded by radioactive waste, Matt Murdock/Daredevil (Marvel Comics) developed superhuman senses and a
radar sense to compensate.
After being blinded by acidic spit, Peter Parker/Spider-Man (Marvel Comics) uses his
Spider-Sense to detect and fight the Vulture.
Symbiotes (Marvel Comics) can compensate and negate physical disabilities their hosts suffer...
...such as the Venom symbiote allowing Flash Thompson to grow new legs so long as he was bonded to it...
...and the Hybrid symbiote allowing the paraplegic Scott Washington to walk.
Neo's (The Matrix) eyes were damaged during a fight with Agent Smith, but...
...he developed a new perception of sight.
After being blinded by Shang Tsung, Kenshi Takahashi (Mortal Kombat) developed telekinetic powers and enhanced senses.
Admiral Issho/Fujitora's (One Piece) extraordinary mastery of Kenbunshoku/Observation Haki, which can easily compensate for his blindness.
Courtesy of his autism, Rory McKenna (Predator) possesses a preternatural ability to learn languages and understand unfamiliar technology, allowing him to easily decode how Yautja technology works.
Lickers (Resident Evil) have lost their eyes as a consequence of their mutation but have superhuman hearing to compensate.
After being blinded by Shishio, Usui Uonuma (Rurouni Kenshin) learned how to compensate using his hearing and spiritual senses.
Clark Kent's (Smallville) super-hearing initially manifested to compensate after he was temporarily blinded.
After being blinded by Kryptonite exposure, Tobias Rice (Smallville) gained the power to "see" heat signatures and detect Kryptonite-infected metahumans.
After his mutilation on Mustafar, Darth Vader (Star Wars) became heavily dependent on the Dark Side of the Force to marginalize his wounds, allowing him to be self-sufficient again.
Having lost their eyes, the Miraluka (Star Wars) have learned to "see" through the Force.
Dezel (Tales of Zestiria) compensated for his blindness by learning to
read the wind.
Though blind, the Rat King (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 2012) compensates by being able to control rats and
see through their eyes.
After losing her sight, hearing, and ability to speak in a traffic accident, Helen Takahara La Guido (Helen ESP) developed ESP powers to the point that she can telepathically communicate with her guiding dog, Victor.
Raymond Connor/Daredevil (Ultimate Marvel) developed enhanced senses on par with his predecessor Matt Murdock's after being blinded in an accident.
Losing his eyes during a fight with Muse, Samuel Chung/Blindspot (Marvel Comics) has limited sight but despite that, he's a genius intellect who built his own suit and an expert combatant.